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The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) has today launched a call for proposals to invite funding applications for innovative platform technologies that can be used to develop vaccines and other immunoprophylactics to rapidly respond to future outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases and unknown pathogens, known as “Disease X”.

Disease X Historical Background:

·         To stop outbreaks from turning into a public health emergencies, the WHO in could 2015 was asked to make an “R&D Blueprint for Action to stop Epidemics”.

·         This move was thought of because it was expected to reduce the time lap between the identification of viral infections and therefore the approval of vaccines/treatments.

·         A group of world experts — the “R&D Blueprint Scientific informatory Group” — was then formed by the WHO to draft a shortlist of less than 10 “blueprint priority diseases”.

·         It was in February 2018 that diseace X was added  to the shortlist as a placeholder as a illustration for a “knowable unknown” pathogen — that has the potential to cause a future epidemic.

What is Disease X?

·         Disease X may be a placeholder name that was adopted by the world Health Organization (WHO) in Feb 2018 on their shortlist of blueprint priority diseases to represent a hypothetic, unknown microorganism that would cause a future epidemic.

·         The WHO adopted the placeholder name to make sure that their designing was sufficiently versatile to adapt to an unknown microorganism (e.g. broader vaccines and producing facilities).

·         Disease X is that the mysterious name given to the terribly serious threat that unknown viruses pose to human health.

·         Disease X is on a short list of pathogens deemed a high priority for analysis by the world Health Organization, aboard best-known killers like SARS and Ebola.

·         Disease X is certainly not a new disease however a potential illness thats however to be discovered.

·         Disease X may be a placeholder name adopted by the world Health Organization (WHO) in Feb 2018.

·         It isnt a new discovered threat, however a hypothetic sickness, that may emerge within the future and cause an outbreak/epidemic/pandemic.

·         The organization mentions “Disease X” on a grade of pathogens thought-about to be a “blueprint priority diseases” for analysis.

·         “X” in Disease X stands for unexpected. Disease X represents the knowledge that a serious international pandemic could be caused by a pathogen currently unknown to cause human disease.

·         It was 1st enclosed within the WHO’s list of priority pathogens in 2018. COVID-19 represents the primary incidence of disease X since its designation was established, rising a lot of before anticipated.

Need for Disease X?

·         When there was an Ebola eruption in 2004 in South Africa, no one knew regarding the existence of such a virus and hence everyone was unprepared for it.

·         It emerged as an alien disease that had come to world and killed several people.

·         Including “Disease X” in its priority list has helped the WHO — and countries the planet over — acknowledge and create whatever plans they will for diseases rising from unidentified sources.    

·         When CEPI was established in 2017 it classified disease X as a heavy risk to international health security, that the globe required to organize.

·         The CEPI’s priority diseases include Lassa fever, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Nipah, Ebola, Rift Valley fever and Chikungunya.

·         CEPI also invested in platform technologies that can be used for rapid vaccine development against unknown pathogens (Disease X).

·         Besides this Disease X, other viruses — some of them now-well-known deadly viruses — on WHO’s current priority list are:

1.      Covid-19

2.      Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever

3.      Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease

4.      Lassa fever

5.      Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) 6. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

6.      Nipah and henipaviral diseases

7.      Rift Valley fever

8.      Zika.       

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