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Lok Sabha passed the Assisted Reproductive Technology Regulation Bill, 2020, which makes provisions for the safe and ethical practice of assisted reproductive technology (ART) services in the country.

·         The Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill relates to surrogacy, an infertility treatment, where a third person, a woman, is the surrogate mother.

·         In ART, treatments can be availed by the commissioning couple themselves and it is not always necessary that a third person is involved.

·         Surrogacy is allowed for only Indian married couples.

·         ART procedures are open to married couples, live-in partners, single women, and also foreigners.

·         A 2015 notification prohibits commissioning of surrogacy in Republic of India by foreigners or OCI or PIO cardholders, however NRIs holding Indian citizenship will avail surrogacy.

·         Foreigners will visit India under medical touristry to avail ART services. underneath the Surrogacy Bill, therell be a National Surrogacy Board that may be involved in policymaking, and act as a superior body, and State Boards that may act as executive bodies. 

·         The ART Bill provides for a National Board, with the powers vested in a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure.

·         According to the Health Ministry, the calculable range of clinics practising surrogacy in India is probably going less than 1,000, whereas that of these practising ART is probably going over than 40,000.

·         ART bank under the Bill, ART can include all techniques that arrange to obtain a gestation by handling the semen or the oocyte outside the human body, and transferring the oosphere or the embryo into the genital system of a lady.

·         It defines an ART bank as an organisation set up to produce gamete or seed, oocytes, or oocyte donors to ART clinics or their patients.

·         ART services will apply to women above the legal age of marriage and below 50, and to men above the legal age of marriage and below 55.

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